Common name: Socotra Cormorant
Scientific name: Phalacrocorax nigrogularis
Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Size:
Body length: 75–85 cm
Wingspan: 110–125 cm
Weight: 1.5–2.5 kg

Identification:
A large dark cormorant with glossy black plumage showing a greenish-blue sheen in good light. The body is slim with a long neck, hooked bill, and relatively long tail. During breeding season, adults may show fine white filoplumes on the head and neck. In flight, it appears slender with rapid wingbeats and an extended neck.

Habitat:
Coastal waters, offshore islands, lagoons, and marine environments of the Arabian Gulf and nearby seas.

Status in the UAE:
Native and regionally important. The UAE supports significant breeding colonies on offshore islands and coastal areas.

Diet:
Carnivorous — feeds mainly on fish captured underwater.

Behavior:
Highly social and often forms large feeding and breeding colonies. Hunts by diving underwater using its feet for propulsion. Frequently seen resting communally on islands, sandbanks, or coastal structures with wings spread to dry. Sensitive to disturbance during breeding season.

Conservation status:
Vulnerable (IUCN Red List)

Threats:
Major threats include habitat disturbance, coastal development, oil pollution, overfishing, and human activity near breeding colonies.