Common name: Variable Toad
Scientific name: Bufotes sitibundus
Family: Bufonidae

Size:
Body length: 5–10 cm

Identification:
A medium-sized toad with a robust body and warty skin. Its coloration is highly variable, ranging from greyish to olive or brown, usually covered with irregular green patches and darker markings. The underside is pale, often speckled. The eyes are prominent with horizontal pupils, and the parotoid glands behind the eyes are well developed.

Habitat:
Wetlands, ponds, agricultural fields, grasslands, gardens, and semi-arid areas near water sources.

Status in Lebanon:
Native and locally common in suitable wetland and freshwater habitats.

Diet:
Carnivorous — feeds on insects, worms, spiders, and other small invertebrates.

Behavior:
Mostly nocturnal and often active after rain or during humid conditions. Breeds in shallow freshwater pools and ponds. Moves with short hops and relies on camouflage when disturbed. Plays an important ecological role in controlling insect populations.

Conservation status:
Least Concern (IUCN Red List)