The Egyptian Spiny-tailed Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptica microlepis), a subspecies of the widely distributed Uromastyx aegyptia, is a distinctive herbivorous reptile inhabiting the deserts of the UAE. Locally known as the Dhub, it prefers compacted sandy or gravel plains where it can excavate deep burrows, often forming loose colonies. This subspecies is adapted to extreme desert conditions, changing body coloration from darker tones in the cool mornings to pale yellow or whitish shades under intense midday heat, helping regulate its temperature. While naturally wary and quick to retreat to its burrow, it can defend itself with strong, spiny tail lashes when threatened. Its diet consists mainly of desert vegetation, making it an important grazer in arid ecosystems. U. a. microlepis is currently listed as Vulnerable in the UAE due to habitat loss from development projects, overgrazing by livestock, and human disturbance. The Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi is conducting genetic studies to better understand its distribution and relationship to other regional spiny-tailed lizard populations, aiming to strengthen conservation measures for this emblematic desert species.